Humans require various types of nutrients in order to keep them healthy and fit. These nutrients should be taken appropriately in the diet. Supplements refer to the substances which contain all the essential nutrients in correct proportion for the normal growth and development of the body. Supplements are closely related to one’s age, gender, and activities. They contain different types of nutrients according to our energy requirements. Generally, supplements are composed of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, enzymes, vitamins, minerals, fibers, nucleic acids and other such substances. Some of the effective supplements with their sources and uses are given as under:
1) Vitamin D:
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps to regulate the blood levels of calcium and phosphorous. Vitamin D increases the absorption of these minerals from the intestine and their deposition in bones.
Sources:
Vitamin D is mainly found in fish liver oil, milk, ghee, and butter e.t.c. It is also synthesized by the skin when ultraviolet (UV) radiations from the Sun are used to convert a compound into vitamin D.
Uses:
Vitamin D is used to treat rickets (a condition when bones weaken and bow under pressure). It is also used for the treatment of osteomalacia or ”softening bones” in adults.
2) Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid):
Vitamin C is an essential nutrient that participates in many reactions. It is needed to form collagen that gives strength to connective tissues. Vitamin C in white blood cells enables the immune system to function properly.
Sources:
We get vitamin C from citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, and grapefruit, leafy green vegetables, beef liver e.t.c.
3) Coenzyme Q10:
Coenzyme refers to the fat-soluble substance much similar to a vitamin. It is mostly found in the mitochondria of the eukaryotic cells. It regulates the cellular respiration process taking place in the bodies of living organisms. Cellular respiration is the process in which the C-H bonds in food are broken by oxidation-reduction reactions and the energy is transformed into Adenosine_triphosphate(ATP).
Sources:
Coenzyme Q10 occurs naturally in the heart, liver , kidney and pancreas. Other sources include sea foods and meat.
Uses:
It is effective in the treatment of HIV/AIDS as it catalyzes and regulates the functioning of immune system. It is also used for lowering the risks of heart diseases including heart attack.
4) Probiotics:
Probiotics are the micro-organisms(bacteria and yeasts) that are beneficial for our health. They regulate the functioning of the digestive system .
Sources
Coenzyme Q10 occurs naturally in the heart, liver , kidney and pancreas. Other sources include sea foods and meat.
Uses:
Probiotics are utilized in the treatment of rough skin conditions, urinary infections.They are used in prevention from allergies.They are also used for the improvement of oral health.
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